a study in identifying the sources of the work(pand-e piran)

pand-e piran is of the mystical texts has remained from fifth hegira century whose author is unknown. this work contains a set of parables with various subjects. one of the most prominent subjects n this work is sophism and mystics . the source of this work’s parables which is on famous sophists of third hegira century and their life style and majesty has remained unknown and is not mentioned to. so, in this study we aim to find the origins of these parables with an analysis in arabic and iranian sources. according to of the study, the parables of this work in arabic sources ana some ancient iranian sources which have been previous or contemporary of which, are quoted. this suggests that pand-e piran author has not composed all of the parables with his own talent but with use of previous sources. also these parables in sources after pand-e piran are quoted with some detailed changes which indicates that this is a common process has existed in the very past literature and is just specified for a special period. also, we can find the parables traces of pand-e piran as one of the old texts in later iranian sources .